HTML TAGS

HTML TAGS

1- :

 thm nhng dng ch thch trong file HTML, ngi ta dng th ny. Ni dung vn bn nm gia  s c chng trnh Browse b qua. Cho php c khonh trng gia -- v >, nhng khng c c khong trng gia <! v --.

Th d:
            <HEAD> <TITLE>The HTML Reference</TITLE>
             </HEAD>

           2- <!DOCTYPE>:

Th ny dng ghi thng tin v version HTML p dng trong ti liu Web. Thng y l dng u tin trong file HTML.

Th d:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Draft//EN">

hay <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML Level 1//EN">

3- <A>:

y l th xc lp cho vic lin kt. Cc thuc tnh ca th ny nh sau:

HREF:

Thuc tnh HREF ch nh a ch lin kt, dng vn bn sau du = l a ch i tng lin kt (c bao trong cp ""). Dng vn bn gia du <A> v </A> l i tc ch ca mi ni lin kt. Khi bn kch mouse vo i tng ch trong trnh Browse, bn s c chuyn n i tng lin kt.

Th d:
<A HREF="http://subnet.virtual-pc.com/~le387818/">The HTMLib site</A> for updated info on the HTMLib.

Trong th d, nu bn kch vo dng "The HTMLib Site" . Bn s chuyn n a ch http://subnet.virtual-pc.com/~le387818/.

Bn c th thm "#identifier"  ch nh chuyn n 1 v tr c quy nh sn trong i tng lin kt.

Th d:
The <A HREF="document.html#glossary">glossary</A> defines terms used in the document.

Trong th d, chn "glossary" s c chuyn n ti liu document.html, ngay ti v tr tn glossary trong ti liu ny.

Th d vi th lin kt sau:

<A HREF="http://..."> Lin kt vi 1 Web Site.

<A HREF="ftp://..."> Vi 1 Ftp Site.

<A HREF="gopher://..."> Vi 1 Gopher server.

<A HREF="news:..."> Lin kt vi 1 nhm Tin.

<A HREF="mailto:..."> Vi 1 a ch gi Mail. Lin kt ny s kch hot chng trnh Mail v t ng in a ch vo mc To dm bn. Bn c th khai bo lun c ch  th (?subject).

Th d:

NAME:

Thuc tnh NAME cho php bn nh du v tr  lm ch cho cc ti liu khc lin kt qua.

Th d:

<A NAME="coffee">Coffee</A> is an example of...
An example of this is <A HREF="#coffee">coffee</A>.

Cc ti liu khc c th lin kt vi ti liu ny ngay ti v tr  xc nh.

TARGET:

Chng trnh Browser c th np i tng lin kt vo 1 ca s ch nh bng th ny. Nu ca s ny cha c, trnh Browse s m 1 ca s mi. Ch yu th ny dng cho frames.

Dng chung: <A HREF="url.html" TARGET="window_name">Link text</A>

window_name: L tn t cho Frame.

Khi bn bm vo dng "Link text", trang "url.html" s c np vo frame c tn ch nh.

Ngoi ra bn cn c th chn thm cc Script sau vo th <A>:

OnMouseOver: Khi bn di chuyn Mouse n lin kt, s c 1 dng vn bn m t xut hin trong thanh trng thi ca trnh Browse.

Th d: <A HREF="index.html" OnMouseOver="self.status=('Back to the main page')">Link text</A>

Dng ch "Back to the main page" s hin trong thanh trng thi khi di Mouse n ch "Link text".

OnMouseOut: Tng t nh trn nhng dng ch ny li xut hin khi ko Mouse ra khi lin kt.

Th d: <A HREF="index.html" OnMouseOut="alert('Oh please go to this document')">Link text</A>

OnClick: Khi bm Mouse ln lin kt, s xut hin hp thoi yu cu xc nhn.

Th d: <A HREF="http://www.netscape.com/" OnClick="confirm('Are you sure you want to go to the Netscape site?')">Link text</A>

4- <ADDRESS>:

Dng khi cn khai bo a ch. Th d:

            <ADDRESS>
            Mr. Cosmic Kumquat<BR>SSL Trusters Inc.<BR>1234 Squeamish Ossifrage Road<BR>NY 12345<BR>U.S.A.
            </ADDRESS>

Khi hin th trong trnh Browse s c dng:

            Mr. Cosmic Kumquat
            SSL Trusters Inc.
            1234 Squeamish Ossifrage Road
            NY 12345
            U.S.A.

           5- <APPLET>:

Chn Applet Java vo trang Web. C dng tng qut sau:

Dng lnh ny ch th cho trnh Browse np Applet c tn Applet.class (trong cng th mc vi trang Web ny), v ch nh kch thc l 200 pixels rng v 150 pixels cao.

Th d:

            <APPLET CODEBASE="http://java.sun.com/JDK-prebeta1/applets/ NervousText" CODE="NervousText.class" width=400 height=75 align=center>
            <PARAM NAME="text" VALUE="This is the Applet Viewer.">
            <BLOCKQUOTE>
            <HR>
            If you were using a Java-enabled browser, you would see dancing text instead of this paragraph.
            <HR>
            </BLOCKQUOTE>
            </APPLET>

Ch th cho trnh Browse np Applet  a ch htttp://java.sun.com/JDK-prebeta1/applets/NervousText/NervousText.class". Ch nh kch thc l 400x75 pixels v canh gia dng. Nu trnh Browse hiu Applet, dng "This is the Applet Viewer." s hin th v Applet to hiu ng cho dng ch ny. Nu trnh Browse khng hiu Applet, n s b qua ni dung ca <APPLET> cng nh <PARAM> v ch hin th ni dung ca <BLOCKQUOTE>

Applet c th c cc thnh phn sau:

            <APPLET
            [CODEBASE = URL]
            [CODE = appletFile]
            [NAME = appletInstanceName]:
            [ARCHIVE = compressed file]
            [ALT = alternateText]
            [WIDTH = pixels]
            [HEIGHT = pixels]
            [ALIGN = alignment]
            [VSPACE = pixels]
            [HSPACE = pixels]
            [ARCHIVE = URL to archive]
            >
            [alternateHTML]
            </APPLET>

CODEBASE=URL: Ch nh i ch tuyt i ca Applet.

CODE=appletFile: Ch nh a ch tng i ca Applet.

ALT=alternateText: Ch nh dng text s hin th trong trng hp trnh Browse khng hiu Applet.

NAME = appletInstanceName: t tn cho Applet  phc v cho vic tm kim.

WIDTH=pixels HEIGHT=pixels: Ch nh kch thc cho Applet.

ALIGN=alignment: Dng canh l, c cc gi tr sau: left, right, top, texttop, middle, absmiddle, baseline, bottom, absbottom.

VSPACE=pixels HSPACE=pixels: Ch nh khong trng bao chung quanh Applet.

ARCHIVE=compressed file: Khai bo cc file nn cn thit ca Applet  trnh Browse ti v my c nhn, phc v cho vic c li sau ny.

6- <B>:

Th lm m (bold) dng vn bn n chi phi.

Th d:

The instructions <B>must be read</B> before continuing.

Khi hin th s c dng sau :

The instructions must be read before continuing.

7- <BASE>:

Thnh phn ny dng  ch nh a ch c bn cho cc mi ni lin kt. Coi nh y l a ch gc  tm cc i ch khc.

Th <BASE> phi nm di th <HEAD>.

Th d: <BASE HREF="http://www.myhost.com/">

Ch nh i ch "www.myhost.com" l i ch gc cho tt c cc i ch tng i khc.

Ngoi ra cn c 1 th m rng l <Base Target> dng cho Netscape Navigator 2.0 v Internet Explorer 3.0 tr ln. Dng ch nh Frame mc nhin  np cc i tng lin kt.

Th d: <BASE TARGET="default_target">

8- <BGSOUND>:

Lin kt trang Web vi 1 file m thanh, khi trnh Browse hin th trang Web cng ng thi pht file m thanh ny lun. File m thanh km theo phi thuc 1 trong cc dng thc: WAV, AU hay MIDI.

Cc thuc tnh ca <BGSOUND>:

SRC: Ch nh i ch file m thanh.

LOOP=n: Ch nh s dng lp li. Nu n=-1 hay LOOP=INFINITE l cho lp lin tc.

Th d: <BGSOUND SRC="start.wav">

9- <BIG>:

Tng kch thc font ca on vn bn so vi font hin hnh.

Th d: This is normal text, with <BIG>this bit</BIG> being big text.

Khi hin th s l: This is normal text, with this bit being big text.

10- <BLOCKQUOTE>:

Dng phn cch 1 khi vn bn  nhn mnh. on vn bn ny c tch ra thnh 1 paragraph ring ng thi chn thm khong trng phi trn v di on vn ny. on vn ny cng c cho tht v so vi l tri.

Th d: In "Hard Drive", a former Microsoft project manager has said, <BLOCKQUOTE>"Imagine an extremely smart, billionaire genius who is 14 years old and subject to temper tantrums"</BLOCKQUOTE>

Khi hin th s thnh:

In "Hard Drive", a former Microsoft project manager has said,

"Imagine an extremely smart, billionaire genius who is 14 years old and subject to temper tantrums"

11- <BODY>:

y l th cha ni dung chnh ca file HTML. Dng thc tng qut nh sau:

        <BODY>
            The rest of the document included here
        </BODY>

Cc thuc tnh:

BACKGROUND: Dng ch nh file hnh nh lm nn:

            <BODY BACKGROUND="imagename.gif">
            Rest of the document goes here
            </BODY>

Hnh nn phi c dng thc GIF hay JPG. Nu dng Internet Explorer s h tr thm dng BMP.

BGCOLOR: Xc lp mu cho nn:

<BODY BGCOLOR="#rrggbb"> Rest of document goes here </BODY>

Vi "#rrggbb" l gi tr hexadecimal (thp lc) red-green-blue.

Netscape c th xc lp 140 mu theo h thp lc nh sau:

#F0F8FF-aliceblue, #FAEBD7-antiquewhite, #00FFFF-aqua, #7FFFD4-aquamarine, #F0FFFF-azure, #F5F5DC-beige, #FFE4C4-bisque, #000000-black, #FFEBCD-blanchedalmond, #0000FF-blue, #8A2BE2-blueviolet, #A52A2A-brown, #DEB887-burlywood, #5F9EA0-cadetblue, #7FFF00-chartreuse, #D2691E-chocolate, #FF7F50-coral, #6495ED-cornflowerblue, #FFF8DC-cornsilk, #DC143C-crimson, #00FFFF-cyan, #00008B-darkblue, #008B8B-darkcyan, #B8860B-darkgoldenrod, #A9A9A9-darkgray, #006400-darkgreen, #BDB76B-darkkhaki, #8B008B-darkmagenta, #556B2F-darkolivegreen, #FF8C00-darkorange, #9932CC-darkorchid, #8B0000-darkred, #E9967A-darksalmon, #8FBC8F-darkseagreen, #483D8B-darkslateblue, #2F4F4F-darkslategray, #00CED1-darkturquoise, #9400D3-darkviolet, #FF1493-deeppink, #00BFBF-deepskyblue, #696969-dimgray, #1E90FF-dodgerblue, #B22222-firebrick, #FFFAF0-floralwhite, #228B22-forestgreen, #FF00FF-fuchsia, #DCDCDC-gainsboro, #F8F8FF-ghostwhite, #FFD700-gold, #DAA520-goldenrod, #808080-gray, #008000-green, #ADFF2F-greenyellow, #F0FFF0-honeydew, #FF69B4-hotpink, #CD5C5C-indianred, #4B0082-indigo, #FFFFF0-ivory, #F0E68C-khaki, #E6E6FA-lavender, #FFF0F5-lavenderblush, #7CFC00-lawngreen, #FFFACD-lemonchiffon, #ADD8E6-lightblue, #F08080-lightcoral, #E0FFFF-lightcyan, #FAFAD2-lightgoldenrodyellow, #90EE90-lightgreen, #D3D3D3-lightgrey, #FFB6C1-lightpink, #FFA07A-lightsalmon, #20B2AA-lightseagreen, #87CEFA-lightskyblue, #778899-lightslategrey, #B0C4DE-lightsteelblue, #FFFFE0-lightyellow, #00FF00-lime, #32CD32-limegreen, #FAF0E6-linen, #FF00FF-magenta, #800000-maroon, #66CDAA-mediumaquamarine, #0000CD-mediumblue, #BA55D3-mediumorchid, #9370DB-mediumpurple, #3CB371-mediumseagreen, #7B68EE-mediumslateblue, #00FA9A-mediumspringgreen, #48D1CC-mediumturquoise, #C71585-mediumvioletred, #191970-midnightblue, #F5FFFA-mintcream, #FFE4E1-mistyrose, #FFE4B5-moccasin, #FFDEAD-navajowhite, #000080-navy, #FDF5E6-oldlace, #808000-olive, #6B8E23-olivedrab, #FFA500-orange, #FF4500-orangered, #DA70D6-orchid, #EEE8AA-palegoldenrod, #98FB98-palegreen, #AFEEEE-paleturquoise, #DB7093-palevioletred, #FFEFD5-papayawhip, #FFDAB9-peachpuff, #CD853F-peru, #FFC0CB-pink, #DDA0DD-plum, #B0E0E6-powderblue, #800080-purple, #FF0000-red, #BC8F8F-rosybrown, #4169E1-royalblue, #8B4513-saddlebrown, #FA8072-salmon, #F4A460-sandybrown, #2E8B57-seagreen, #FFF5EE-seashell, #A0522D-sienna, #C0C0C0-silver, #87CEEB-skyblue, #6A5ACD-slateblue, #708090-slategray, #FFFAFA-snow, #00FF7F-springgreen, #4682B4-steelblue, #D2B48C-tan, #008080-teal, #D8BFD8-thistle, #FF6347-tomato, #40E0D0-turquoise, #EE82EE-violet, #F5DEB3-wheat, #FFFFFF-white, #F5F5F5-whitesmoke, #FFFF00-yellow, #9ACD32-yellowgreen.

Internet Explorer c th xc lp 16 mu theo tn nh sau:

Black, Silver, Gray, White, Maroon, Red, Purple, Fuchsia, Green, Lime, Olive, Yellow, Navy, Blue, Teal, Aqua.

TEXT: Thuc tnh ny ch nh mu cho vn bn thng trong file.

            <BODY TEXT="#rrggbb">
            Rest of document goes here
            </BODY>

Cc xc lp mu ging nh BGCOLOR.

LINK, VLINK, v ALINK: Dng ch nh mu cho cc dng vn bn l i tng ch cho mi ni lin kt. Trong  LINK: Lin kt cha xem, VLINK: Lin kt  xem, ALINK: Lin kt ang xem.

Mc nhin l: LINK=blue (#0000FF), VLINK=purple (#800080), v ALINK=red (#FF0000). Cch xc lp mu ging BGCOLOR v TEXT.

            <BODY LINK="#rrggbb" VLINK="#rrggbb" ALINK="#rrggbb">
            Rest of document goes here
            </BODY>

LEFTMARGIN: Canh l tri. Th d:

            BODY LEFTMARGIN="40">
            This document is indented 40 pixels from the left hand edge of the browser window
            </BODY>

TOPMARGIN: Canh l trn. Th d:

            <BODY TOPMARGIN="40">
            This document is indented 40 pixels from the top hand edge of the browser window
            </BODY>

           12- <BR>:

Th ny dng  ngt mt on vn v xung hng mi.

        Th d:
            <P>
            Mary had a little lamb<BR>
            It's fleece was white as snow<BR>
            Everywhere that Mary went<BR>
            She was followed by a little lamb.

           13- <CENTER>:

Tt c text nm trong th ny c canh gia so vi l tri v phi.

<CENTER>All this text would be centred in the page</CENTER>

14- <CODE>:

Dng  nhp mt dng m c nh dng k t ring. Dng m ny khng c thc hin m s hin th di dng vn bn bnh thng. iu ny l cn thit khi cn minh ho mt on m lm th d.

Th d: The formula is : <CODE>x=(-b+/-(b2-4ac))/2a</CODE>.

S hin th : The formula is : x=(-b+/-(b2-4ac))/2a

15- <COMMENT>:

Ging nh th  dng  nhp nhng dng ghi ch cho file HTML.

on text nm gia <COMMENT> v </COMMENT> s khng c hin th khi trnh Browse c file.

            <COMMENT>
            This text won't render. I can say what I like here, it wont appear
            </COMMENT>

           16- <DIR>:

Lit k cc mc theo dng ct danh sch c  rng 24 k t. <DIR> phi i km vi <LI> (list item).

17- <DIV>:

So hng Text theo l

Th d:

            <DIV ALIGN="left">This text will be displayed left aligned in the browser window.</DIV>
            <DIV ALIGN="center">This text will be centred.</DIV>
            <DIV ALIGN="right">This text will be displayed aligned to the right of the browser window.</DIV>

           18- <EMBED>:

Cho php ngi son tho chn lin kt trc tip vo trang WEB.

Dng tng qut l: <EMBED SRC="_URL_">

Th d: <EMBED SRC="clouds.mid" WIDTH="145" HEIGHT="61">

19- <FONT>:

Thnh phn chnh l <FONT SIZE=value>. Gi tr values t 1-7. Mc nhin FONT size l 3. Gi tr thay i tng i l '+' hay '-' so vi gi tr chun.

Th d:

<FONT SIZE=4>changes the font size to 4</FONT>
<FONT SIZE=+2>changes the font size to BASEFONT SIZE ... +2</FONT>

Thuc tnh:

COLOR = #rrggbb hay COLOR = color: Xc lp mu ging nh BGCOLOR

Th d:

FACE=name [,name] [,name]: Ch nh font ch khi hin th text.

Th d:

<FONT FACE=".VNTIME, .VNARIAL"> This text will be displayed in either .VNTIME hay .VNARIAL, depending on which fonts are installed on the browsers system. </FONT>

20- <FRAME>:

C 9 thuc tnh: SRC, NAME, MARGINWIDTH, MARGINHEIGHT, SCROLLING, NORESIZE, FRAMEBORDER, FRAMESPACING and BORDERCOLOR.

SRC="url": Ch nh file s c hin th trong Frame.

NAME="frame_name": t tn cho Frame. Tn ny dng lm ch khi cn hin th file trong 1 Frame nht nh.

Th d: <A HREF="URL" TARGET="frame_name">

Theo mc nhin cc Frame s khng c tn.

MARGINWIDTH="value"/ MARGINHEIGHT="value": Ch nh gi tr tnh bng Pixels cho l tri, phi (Width) v trn, di (Height).

SCROLLING="yes/no/auto": Ch nh cho thanh cun ca s trong trng hp ni dung vt qu sc cha ca Frame.

NORESIZE: Theo mc nhin, tt c Frame c th iu chnh c kch thc. Thuc tnh ny khng cho iu chnh.

FRAMEBORDER="yes/no/0": Ch nh vic hin th khung vin cho Frame. Chn "yes/0" cho Internet Explorer v "yes/no" cho Netscape.

FRAMESPACING="value": Ch nh khong cch gia cc Frame. Tnh theo Pixels.

Th d: <FRAME FRAMESPACING="40" ...>

21- <FRAMESET>:

y l th chnh ca Frame.Cc thuc tnh nh sau:

ROWS="row_height_value_list": Ch nh chiu dc Frame theo Pixels, phn trm hay t l.

Th d: To 3 Frame theo chiu dc, Frame u tin c kch thc 20% ca s, Frame 2 c kch thc 100 pixels v Frame 3 dng ton b khong trng cn li ca ca s.

Th d: Chia 2 Frame c kch thc 1/4 v 3/4 ca s.

COLS="column_width_list": Ging nh ROWS nhng tnh theo chiu ngang.

BORDER="pixel value": Kch thc ng vin

BORDERCOLOR="#rrggbb hay colour name": Ch nh mu cho ng vin

Th d:

            <HTML>
            <HEAD>
            <TITLE>The HTML Reference Library - HTMLib</TITLE>
            </HEAD>
            1 <FRAMESET COLS="25%,*">
            2 <FRAMESET ROWS="100, *">
            3 <FRAME SRC="buttons.htm" NORESIZE SCROLLING="no" NAME="buttons">
            4 <FRAME SRC="qr.htm" NORESIZE SCROLLING="yes" NAME="QR">
            5 </FRAMESET>
            6 <FRAMESET ROWS="75, *">
            7 <FRAME SRC="title.htm" NORESIZE SCROLLING="no" NAME="TITLE">
            8 <FRAME SRC="intro.htm" NORESIZE SCROLLING="auto" NAME="main">
            9 </FRAMESET>
            10 </FRAMESET>
            </HTML>

S th t dng ch  phn tch, khng c trong file.

1 <FRAMESET COLS="25%,*"> : Chia 2 Frame 1, 2 theo chiu ngang c kch thc 1=25% v 2=75%.

2 <FRAMESET ROWS="100,*"> : Trong Frame 1 chia thnh 2 Frame 3, 4 theo chiu dc. C kch thc 3=100 pixels chiu cao, 4=kch thc Frame 1 cn li.

3 <FRAME SRC="buttons.htm" NORESIZE SCROLLING="yes" NAME="buttons"> : Ch nh file s np vo Frame 3 l buttons.htm. Frame ny khng cho resizing v lun lun hin th thanh cun. Tn Frame l BUTTONS

4 <FRAME SRC="qr.htm" NORESIZE SCROLLING="yes" NAME="QR"> : Ging dng 3, np vo Frame 4 file qr.htm. Frame ny c tn l QR.

5 </FRAMESET> : Dng ny dng kt thc FRAMESET trong dng 2.

6 <FRAMESET ROWS="75,*"> : Dng ny chia Frame 2 cn li thnh 2 Frame 5, 6 c kch thc 5=75 pixels, 6=khong trng cn li.

7 <FRAME SRC="title.htm" NORESIZE SCROLLING="no" NAME="TITLE"> : Np file vo Frame 5, khng Resize, khng thanh cun. t tn cho Frame 5 l TITLE.

8 <FRAME SRC="intro.htm" NORESIZE SCROLLING="auto" NAME="main"> : Ging nh trn nhng c tn l MAIN v thanh cun t ng xut hin nu cn thit.

9 </FRAMESET> : ng FRAMESET trong dng 6

10 </FRAMESET> : ng FRAMESET trong dng 1

Khi cn np lin kt vo Frame no bn ch cn dng thuc tnh Target="tn Frame". Th d:

Hin th v tr #QRM ca file qr.htm trong Frame c tn QR khi bm vo hnh M.gif.

22- <H1> n <H6>:

HTML c 6 mc chun cho Tiu  (heading). Xc lp bng cc th t <H1> cho n <H6>.

Th d:

<H1>This is a first level heading heading</H1>
<H2>This is a second level heading</H2>

Bn c th s dng thuc tnh ALIGN  canh l cho tiu .

Th d:

<H1 ALIGN=center>This is a centred heading</H1>

23- <HEAD>:

Ni dung nm gia th ny l phn tiu  ca trang Web. Chng khng hin th khi trnh Browse c file.

            <HEAD>
            <TITLE> Introduction to HTML </TITLE>
            </HEAD>

Trong ni dung HEAD c th cha cc thnh phn sau:

<BASE>: Khai bo i ch c bn cho file HTML

<ISINDEX>: Ch nh t kho cho vic tm kim

<TITLE>: t tn tiu  cho ti liu.

<META>: Cc thng tin khc v ti liu.

24- <HR>:

ng gch ngang  phn cch cc on trong trang Web.

Thuc tnh:

<HR SIZE=number>: Ch nh kch thc.

<HR WIDTH=number/percent>: Ch nh  rng

<HR ALIGN=left/right/center>: So l

<HR NOSHADE>: Khng bng

<HR COLOR>=name/#rrggbb: Ch nh mu ging BGCOLOR

Th d:

            <HR>
            <HR SIZE="5">
            <HR WIDTH="50%">
            <HR WIDTH="50%" ALIGN="right">
            <HR WIDTH="50%" ALIGN="center" NOSHADE>

           25- <HTML>:

Th chnh yu ca file HTML. nh du im bt u v chm dt ni dung ca file.

Th d:

            <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN">
            <HTML>
            Ni dung file gm c 2 phn l <HEAD> v <BODY>
            </HTML>

           26- <I>:

Ch nh kiu ch nghing cho vn bn.

27- <IFRAME>:

Dng hin th thng bo khi trnh Browse khng hiu Frame

Th d :

<IFRAME NAME="content_frame" width="488" height="244" SRC="welcome.htm">This site uses floating frames</IFRAME>

i vi trnh Browse c h tr Frame, bn s c c ni dung file Welcome.htm trong Frame. i vi trnh Browse khng hiu Frame, bn s thy dng ch "This site uses floating frames".

28- <IMG>:

Chn 1 file hnh vo ti liu HTML

Thuc tnh:

ALIGN="left/right/top/texttop/middle/absmiddle/baseline/bottom/absbottom": So hng hnh nh vi Text.

ALT="Alternative Text": Cho hin th 1 dng text thay th cho file hnh trong trng hp trnh Browse ang  trong ch  khng hin th hnh nh. Dng Text ny cng hin th theo dng ToolTip khi di Mouse n hnh.

Th d:

<IMG SRC="triangle.gif" ALT="Warning:"> Be sure to read these instructions.

SRC="URL of image": Ch nh i ch file hnh chn vo trang Web.

<IMG SRC="warning.gif">Be sure to read these instructions.

WIDTH=value/ HEIGHT=value: Ch nh khong cch dnh sn cho hnh trong khi trnh Browse np ton b hnh.

BORDER=value: Ch nh cho hin th ng vin bao quanh hnh nh. Bn c th chn "0"  hin th ng vin mu xanh khi c lin kt.

VSPACE=value HSPACE=value: Quy nh khong trng gia hnh v Text. VSPACE cho trn v di hnh, HSPACE cho tri v phi hnh. Value tnh theo pixel.

LOWSRC: Thuc tnh ny cho php hin th 2 hnh ln lt trong cng 1 v tr. Thng dng  np mt hnh nh trong khi ch i np hnh chnh c dung lng file ln hn:

Th d:

u tin trnh Browse s hin th file hnh "lowquality.gif". Sau khi np hon tt c trang, trnh Browse s np file hnh chnh thc vo thay th.

29- <INPUT>:

To mt field  nhn tc ng ca ngi s dng.

Thuc tnh:

ALIGN: So hng cho field, ch dng vi TYPE=IMAGE trong HTML level 2.

CHECKED: Kim tra ngi dng  nh du cho checkbox hay radio button cha.

MAXLENGTH: Ch nh  di k t c th nhp vo text field,  di ny c th ln hn kch thc Text field. Mc nh l khng gii hn.

NAME: Tn ca Field

SIZE: Khai bo kch thc hay s lng k t cho field. Th d:

Khai bo 1 field vi  rng l 24 k t:

INPUT TYPE=text SIZE="24"

TYPE: Ch nh kiu ca Field:

BUTTON: Chn mt nt bm vo ti liu. Gi tr VALUE dng ch nh Text s hin trong nt ny. Th d:

CHECKBOX : Chn 1 chechbox vo ti liu. Th d:

HIDDEN: Vi thuc tnh ny, field s khng hin th ra nhng ni dung ca field vn c gi tr. Dng trao i thng tin ngm gia client/server.

IMAGE: Chn field cha hnh nh  ngi dng bm Mouse khi chn. Th d:

PASSWORD: Ging nh Text, nhng k t nhp vo s khng hin th ra. Th d:

RADIO: Chn 1 field c dng Nt Radio. Th d:

RESET: Chn 1 nt bm dng phc hi li tnh trng c cho cc field. t tn ca nt ny qua thuc tnh Values.

Th d: <INPUT TYPE="RESET">

SUBMIT: 1 dng nt bm ging RESET. C tc dng ging nh xc nhn ng . Th d: Chn 1 nt c tn "SUBMIT" v s hin th thng bo "alert. This is just an example, nothing will happen" khi bn bm Mouse vo nt ny.

TEXT: Nhp 1 dng text vo fields. Dng thuc tnh SIZE v MAXLENGTH  quy nh kch thc. Trong trng hp cn nhp nhiu dng, phi dng th <TEXTAREA>.

Th d: <INPUT TYPE="TEXT">

TEXTAREA: Nhp nhiu dng Text vo field. Th d:

<TEXTAREA NAME="descr" COLS="30" ROWS="3" OnBlur="count_char(document.egForm.descr.value)">Enter a short description here (max 50 chars) </TEXTAREA>

VALUE: Ch nh Text s hin th trn cc nt bm.

30- <MARQUEE>:

To hiu ng chy ch trong file HTML. Dng vn bn gia th ny s chy theo 1 kiu  quy nh trc, khi trnh Browse hin th trang Web. Th ny dnh ring cho Internet Explorer.

Thuc tnh:

ALIGN="left/right/top/middle/bottom": Canh hng vn bn so vi khung cha vn bn .

BEHAVIOR="scroll/slide/alternate": Ch nh kiu chy ch.

SCROLL (mc nhin): Dng ch chy theo mt hng nht nh v lp i lp li qu trnh .

SLIDE: Chp, tt.

ALTERNATE: Dng ch chy i hng khi ng ng bin ca khung bao vn bn.

Th d: <MARQUEE BEHAVIOR=ALTERNATE> Marquee will "bounce" across the screen</MARQUEE>

BGCOLOR="#rrggbb|colour name": Ch nh mu nn cho khung cha vn bn.

Th d. <MARQUEE BGCOLOR="#F0F8FF">Nice Background colour!<MARQUEE>

DIRECTION="left/right": Ch nh hng chy ca dng vn bn. Mc nh l t phi qua tri.

HEIGHT="value/value%": Ch nh  cao ca khung bao vn bn. Tnh bng pixels (HEIGHT=n) hay t l so vi ca s (HEIGHT=n%).

WIDTH="value|value%": Ch nh  rng.

HSPACE="value"/ VSPACE="value": Ch nh khong trng gia <MARQUEE> n Text bao quanh.

LOOP="value/-1/infinite": LOOP=n: Ch nh s vng lp li. Nu n=-1, hay LOOP=INFINITE l lp li lin tc.

SCROLLAMOUNT="value": Ch nh khong cch tnh bng pixels gia cc on text cun.

SCROLLDELAY="value": Ch nh khong thi gian gia cc on text cun. C tc dng iu khin thi gian.

Th d : <MARQUEE SCROLLDELAY=1 SCROLLAMOUNT=75>I'm fast</MARQUEE>

Ch : Bn c th xc lp font cho marquee. Th d:

<FONT FACE="Comic Sans MS"><MARQUEE>Hello</MARQUEE>

31- <MENU>:

Dng to nhng dng vn bn c c sp xp theo kiu lit k. Thng dng chung vi <LI> (list item):

Th d:

            <MENU>
            <LI>First item in the list.
            <LI>Second item in the list.
            <LI>Third item in the list.
            </MENU>

           32- <MULTICOL>:

To nhiu ct  hin th trong trang Web.

Thuc tnh:

COLS="value": Ch nh s lng ct.

GUTTER="value": Ch nh khongphn cch ct tnh bng pixel.

WIDTH="value": Ch nh  rng ct tnh bng pixel hay % ca s.

Th d:

To 3 ct, cch nhau 25 pixels.

            <MULTICOL COLS="3" GUTTER="25">
            <P>Hello and Welcome to the HTML Reference Library. To those of you familiar with the previous incarnation of this project (The HTML Reference Library - HTMLib in Windows .HLP format) the content and working of these pages will probably be obvious. <P>To those of you new to the world of the HTML Reference Library, a little introduction :
            </MULTICOL>

Khi hin th s thnh :

Hello and Welcome to the HTML Reference Library. To those of you familiar with the previous incarnation of this project (The HTML Reference Library -

HTMLib in Windows .HLP format) the content and working of these pages will probably be obvious.

To those of you new to the

world of the HTML Reference Library, a little introduction

33- <NOFRAMES>:

Dng  hin th dng vn bn trong trng hp trnh Browse khng hiu Frame. Mt trnh Browse khng hiu Frame s b qua ni dung nm trong <FRAMESET> v <FRAME>, nhng s hin th ni dung gia <NOFRAMES> v </NOFRAMES>.

34- <NOSCRIPT>:

Dng  hin th dng vn bn trong trng hp trnh Browse khng hiu Script hay khi chc nng ny b ngi dng cho v hiu lc.

Th d:

<HTML>
            <HEAD>
            <TITLE>Welcome to the HTMLib world of JavaScript</TITLE>
            <SCRIPT LANGUAGE="JavaScript">
            
            </SCRIPT>
            </HEAD>
            <BODY>
            <NOSCRIPT>
            Sorry, you need a JavaScript capable browser to get the best from this page
            </NOSCRIPT>
            </BODY>
            </HTML>

Trnh Browse khng hiu Script s hin th dng ch "Sorry, you need a JavaScript capable browser to get the best from this page".

35- <OL>:

Sp xp vn bn theo kiu danh sch. Thng i chung vi <LI> (list item).

Th d:

            <OL>
            <LI>Click on the desired file to download.
            <LI>In the presented dialog box, enter a name to save the file with.
            <LI>Click 'OK' to download the file to your local drive.
            </OL>

Thuc tnh:

TYPE:

Ch nh cch t k hiu u dng:

(TYPE=A) - Ch hoa. Th d: A, B, C ...

(TYPE=a) - Ch thng. Th d: a, b, c ...

(TYPE=I) - S La M hoa. Th d: I, II, III ...

(TYPE=i) - S La M thng. Th d: i, ii, iii ...

(TYPE=1) - S  Rp (mc nh). Th d: 1, 2, 3 ...

START:

Khai bo s dng lm mc nh v s c chuyn i qua TYPE trc khi hin th.

Th d: START=5 s c hin th l 'E', 'e', 'V', 'v', hay '5' theo TYPE.

Th d :

            <OL TYPE=a START=3>
            <LI>Click on the desired file to download.
            <LI>In the presented dialog box, enter a name to save the file with.
            <LI>Click 'OK' to download the file to your local drive.
            </OL>

Danh sch c k hiu u dng l ch thng, bt u t 'c'.

36- <P>:

nh dng cho 1 paragraph.

Th d:

            <H1>The Paragraph element</H1>
            <P>The paragraph element is used to denote paragraph blocks</P>
            <P>This would be the second paragraph.</P>

Thuc tnh:

ALIGN=left/center/right:

Th d:

<P ALIGN=LEFT> ... </P> C ngha: Tt c text trong paragraph ny s c canh v bn tri l trang. y cng l mc nh.

<P ALIGN=CENTER> ... </P> Canh gia

<P ALIGN=RIGHT> ... </P> Canh phi

37- <STRIKE> hay <S>:

Lm du gch ngang gia text.

Th d: This text would be <STRIKE>struck through</STRIKE>

S hin th l: This text would be struck through

38- <SMALL>:

Lm ch nh li so vi c chun.

Th d: This is normal text, with <SMALL>this bit</SMALL> being small text.

S thnh: This is normal text, with this bit being small text.

39- <SPACER>:

Chn 1 khong trng tnh bng pixel vo on text.

Thuc tnh:

TYPE="horizontal/vertical/block": Horizontal: Chn khong trng theo chiu ngang. Vertical: Theo chiu dc. Block: Bao chung quanh ging nh hnh.

SIZE="value":

Khi <SPACER TYPE="horizontal"> hay <SPACER TYPE="vertical"> gi tr SIZE tnh bng pixels. Khng c gi tr khi <SPACER TYPE="block">.

WIDTH="value": Ch nh  rng cho khong trng khi <SPACER TYPE="block">.

HEIGHT="value": Ch nh chiu cao khi <SPACER TYPE="block">.

ALIGN="alignment": So l cho khong trng khi <SPACER TYPE="block">.

Th d: <P>Hello and Welcome<SPACER TYPE="horizontal" SIZE="25">to the HTML Reference Library.

40- <STRONG>:

Lm m text.

Th d: The instructions <STRONG>must be read</STRONG> before continuing.

S thnh: The instructions must be read before continuing.

41- <STYLE>:

Th ny phi nm trong phn <HEAD>. Dng quy nh dng biu mu chung khi hin th, gip ngi son tho  mt cng lp i lp li cng 1 quy nh.

Th d:

            <HTML>
            <HEAD>
            <TITLE>Introduction to Style Sheets</TITLE>
            <STYLE TYPE="text/css" TITLE="Bright Colours">
            BODY { color : white}
            P { color : blue;
            font-size : 12pt;
            font-family : Arial}
            H1 { color : red;
            font-size : 18pt}
            </STYLE>
            </HEAD>
            <BODY>
            ...

           42- <SUB>:

Tc l Subscript.

Th d: This is the main text, with <SUB>this bit</SUB> being subscript.

43- <SUP>:

Tc l Superscript.

Th d: This is the main text, with <SUP>this bit</SUP> being superscript.

44- <TABLE>

To bng trong trang Web.

Thuc tnh:

BORDER="value": iu khin vic hin th v kch thc ng vin. Nu gi tr =0 l khng c vin.

CELLSPACING="value": Ch nh khong cch gia cc . Gi tr mc nh l 2.

CELLPADDING="value": Ch nh khong trng gia ng vin v . Gi tr mc nh l 1

WIDTH="value or percent": Ch nh  rng bng tnh theo pixels, hay % ca ca s hin th.

HEIGHT="value or percent": Ch nh  cao bng.

ALIGN="left/right": Canh l tri, phi.

VALIGN="top/bottom": Canh l trn, di.

BGCOLOR="#rrggbb|colour name": Ch nh mu nn cho bng.

BORDERCOLOR="#rrggbb|colour name": Ch nh mu cho ng vin ca bng.

BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#rrggbb|colour name": Ch nh mu cho phn c chiu sng ca ng vin.

BORDERCOLORDARK="#rrggbb|colour name": Ch nh mu cho phn b ti ca ng vin.

BACKGROUND="URL of image": Ch nh file hnh nh dng lm nn cho bng.

FRAME: i hi thuc tnh BORDER phi c hiu lc khi s dng thuc tnh ny. C cc gi tr sau:

void	G b tt c vin ngoi.
Above	Ch hin th ng vin phi trn bng.
Below	Ch hin th ng vin phi di bng.
Hsides	Hin th cc ng vin ngang trong bng, k c ng trn v di bng.
Lhs	Ch hin th ng vin bn tri.
Rhs	Ch hin th ng vin bn phi.
Vsides	Hin th cc ng vin ng trong bng, k c ng tri v phi bng.
Box	Ch hin th ng vin bao chung quanh bng.

45- <TD>:

nh dng cho d liu trong bng (Table data). Ch nh ny c gi tr cho  d liu.

Thuc tnh:

ALIGN="left/center/right". VALIGN="top/middle/bottom/baseline": Canh l cho Text trong  (so vi ).

WIDTH="value_or_percent"/ HEIGHT="value_or_percent": Ch nh kch thc cho . Bn ch cn xc lp cho 1  chun theo hng hay ct, cc  khc s ging nh vy.

COLSPAN="value": M rng  theo ct. Gi tr mc nhin l 1.

ROWSPAN="value": M rng  theo hng.

BGCOLOR="#rrggbb|colour name"/ BORDERCOLOR="#rrggbb|colour name"/ BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#rrggbb|colour name"/ BORDERCOLORDARK="#rrggbb|colour name"/ BACKGROUND="URL of image":

Ch nh mu cho nn , ng vin , hnh nn . Cch xc lp ging nh bng.

46- <TR>:

Xc lp cho hng (table row).

Thuc tnh v cch xc lp ging nh  v bng.

47- <TITLE>:

Dng t tiu  cho ti liu HTML. Tiu  ny khng hin th trong phn ni dung tranh Web, m s c hin th trong thanh tiu  ca trnh Browse, trong danh sch lu tr hay tm kim.

Th ny phi nm trong phn <HEAD>

            <HEAD>
            <TITLE>Welcome to the HTML Reference</TITLE>
            </HEAD>

           48- <U>:

Gch di dng vn bn.

Th d: The <U>main point</U> of the exercise...

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